• Ascidium A. Braun, 1850 (unaccepted) [Family: Characiaceae]
• Ascidium Fée, 1824 accepted as Ocellularia G.F.W. Meyer, 1825 [Family: Graphidaceae]
• Ascidium Gronov, 1762 (uncertain) [Family: Urochordata (awaiting allocation)]
• Ascidium acuminatum Braun
• Ascidium albogilvum Kremp., 1875 accepted as Ocellularia albogilva (Kremp.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium attenuatum C. Knight, 1883 accepted as Thelotrema attenuatum (C. Knight) Hellb., 1896
• Ascidium carnosulum Kremp., 1875 accepted as Ocellularia carnosula (Kremp.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium chonestomum Leight., 1869 accepted as Ocellularia chonestoma (Leight.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium confluens Kremp., 1875 accepted as Ocellularia confluens (Kremp.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium croceum Kremp., 1875 accepted as Ocellularia crocea (Kremp.) Overeem & D. Overeem, 1922
• Ascidium depressum (Mont.) Nyl., 1869 accepted as Thelotrema depressum Mont., 1851
• Ascidium dignitosum Kremp., 1875 accepted as Thelotrema dignitosum (Kremp.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium discolor (Ach.) Nyl., 1867 accepted as Ocellularia discolor (Ach.) Spreng., 1827
• Ascidium domingense Fée, 1863 accepted as Ocellularia domingensis (Fée) Müll. Arg., 1887
• Ascidium elatius Stirt., 1875 accepted as Thelotrema elatius (Stirt.) Hellb., 1896
• Ascidium exsertum Stirt., 1879 accepted as Thelotrema exsertum (Stirt.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium grande Kremp., 1876 accepted as Phaeotrema grande (Kremp.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium granuliferum Kremp., 1875 accepted as Ocellularia granulifera (Kremp.) Müll. Arg., 1892
• Ascidium granulosum Leight., 1869 accepted as Myriotrema granulosum (Leight.) Hale, 1980
• Ascidium interponendum Nyl., 1891 accepted as Ocellularia interponenda (Nyl.) Hale, 1980
• Ascidium interpositum Nyl., 1863 accepted as Ocellularia interposita (Nyl.) Hale, 1980
• Ascidium isidiophorum Kremp., 1875 accepted as Thelotrema isidiophorum (Kremp.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium manosporum C. Knight, 1883 accepted as Thelotrema manosporum (C. Knight) Hellb., 1896
• Ascidium massalongii Mont., 1860 accepted as Ocellularia massalongii (Mont.) Hale, 1980
• Ascidium melanosporum C. Knight, 1875 accepted as Leptotrema melanosporum (C. Knight) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium melanostomum Kremp., 1876 accepted as Ocellularia melanostoma (Kremp.) Kalb, 1983
• Ascidium octoloculare C. Knight, 1884 accepted as Ocellularia octolocularis (C. Knight) Shirley, 1899
• Ascidium orthomastium Kremp., 1875 accepted as Ocellularia orthomastia (Kremp.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium phaeotropum Kremp., 1875 accepted as Ocellularia phaeotropa (Kremp.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium pomiforme Kremp., 1875 accepted as Ocellularia pomiformis (Kremp.) Overeem & D. Overeem, 1922
• Ascidium postpositum Nyl., 1867 accepted as Thelotrema postpositum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium profundum Stirt., 1881 accepted as Thelotrema profundum (Stirt.) Shirley, 1889
• Ascidium punctulatum Leight. accepted as Ocellularia punctulata (Leight.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium rhabdosporum Nyl., 1867 accepted as Ocellularia rhabdospora (Nyl.) Redinger, 1936
• Ascidium rhodostroma Mont., 1851 accepted as Ocellularia rhodostroma (Mont.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium tetrasporum Stirt. accepted as Thelotrema tetrasporum (Stirt.) D.D. Awasthi, 1965
• Ascidium xanthostroma (Nyl.) Nyl., 1891 accepted as Ocellularia xanthostroma (Nyl.) Zahlbr., 1923
• Ascidium xanthostromizum Nyl., 1891 accepted as Ocellularia xanthostromiza (Nyl.) Zahlbr., 1923