• Caesalpinia Linnaeus, 1753
• Caesalpinia acanthobotrya Miq. accepted as Caesalpinia tortuosa Roxb.
• Caesalpinia acapulcensis Standl.
• Caesalpinia acinaciformis Steud.
• Caesalpinia acutifolia J.R. Johnst.
• Caesalpinia adnata (Griseb.) M. Gomez accepted as Peltophorum adnatum Griseb.
• Caesalpinia aestivalis Chun & F.C. How accepted as Pterolobium punctatum Hemsl.
• Caesalpinia affinis Hemsl. accepted as Caesalpinia exostemma DC.
• Caesalpinia anacantha Urb.
• Caesalpinia ancashiana Ulibarri
• Caesalpinia andamanica (Prain) Hattink
• Caesalpinia andreana Micheli accepted as Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.
• Caesalpinia angolensis (Oliv.) Herend. & Zarucchi
• Caesalpinia angulata (Hook. & Arn.) Baill.
• Caesalpinia angulicaulis Clos accepted as Caesalpinia angulata (Hook. & Arn.) Baill.
• Caesalpinia antsiranensis Capuron accepted as Caesalpinia madagascariensis (R. Vig.) Senesse
• Caesalpinia aphylla Phil.
• Caesalpinia arborea Miq. accepted as Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) K. Heyne
• Caesalpinia arenosa Wiggins accepted as Caesalpinia pannosa Brandegee
• Caesalpinia argentina Burkart
• Caesalpinia arida (Britton & Rose) Wiggins accepted as Caesalpinia palmeri S. Watson
• Caesalpinia atropunctata Eifert et al. accepted as Pomaria melanosticta S. Schauer
• Caesalpinia bahamensis Lam.
• Caesalpinia bangii Rusby accepted as Caesalpinia fimbriata Tul.
• Caesalpinia barahonensis Urb.
• Caesalpinia barbon Bertero
• Caesalpinia barkeriana Urb. & Ekman
• Caesalpinia benguetensis Elmer accepted as Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston
• Caesalpinia benthamiana (Baill.) Herend. & Zarucchi
• Caesalpinia bessac Chiov.
• Caesalpinia bicolor C.H. Wright accepted as Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.
• Caesalpinia bijuga (L.) Sw. accepted as Caesalpinia vesicaria Linnaeus
• Caesalpinia blasiana M.E. Jones accepted as Caesalpinia platyloba S. Watson
• Caesalpinia bonduc (Linnaeus) Roxburgh, 1832
• Caesalpinia bonduc sensu auct. accepted as Caesalpinia globulorum Bakh. f. & P. Royen
• Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fleming accepted as Caesalpinia bonduc (Linnaeus) Roxburgh, 1832
• Caesalpinia borneensis Merr. accepted as Caesalpinia parviflora Prain
• Caesalpinia brachycarpa (A. Gray) Fisher accepted as Pomaria brachycarpa (A. Gray) B.B. Simpson
• Caesalpinia bracteosa Tul.
• Caesalpinia brasiliensis L., p.p. accepted as Peltophorum linnaei Griseb.
• Caesalpinia brasiliensis Sw. accepted as Caesalpinia violacea (Mill.) Standl.
• Caesalpinia brevifolia Baill. accepted as Balsamocarpon brevifolium Clos
• Caesalpinia buchii Urb.
• Caesalpinia cacalaco Humb. & Bonpl.
• Caesalpinia caesia Hand.-Mazz.
• Caesalpinia caladenia Standl.
• Caesalpinia californica (A. Gray) Standl. accepted as Caesalpinia pannosa Brandegee
• Caesalpinia calycina Benth.
• Caesalpinia canescens (Fisher) Fisher accepted as Pomaria canescens (Fisher) B.B. Simpson
• Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.
• Caesalpinia caudata (A. Gray) Fisher
• Caesalpinia caymanensis Millsp.
• Caesalpinia chicamana Killip & J.F. Macbr. accepted as Hoffmannseggia glauca (Ortega) Eifert
• Caesalpinia chinensis Roxb. accepted as Caesalpinia crista Linnaeus
• Caesalpinia ciliata (Wikstr.) Urb.
• Caesalpinia cinclidocarpa Miq. accepted as Caesalpinia tortuosa Roxb.
• Caesalpinia clementis (Britton) Leon accepted as Caesalpinia myabensis Britton
• Caesalpinia coccinea G.P. Lewis & J.L. Contr.
• Caesalpinia colimensis F.J. Herm.
• Caesalpinia coluteifolia Griseb.
• Caesalpinia compressa (G. Don) D. Dietr. accepted as Caesalpinia exostemma DC.
• Caesalpinia conzattii (Rose) Standl. accepted as Caesalpinia exostemma DC.
• Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd.
• Caesalpinia corymbosa Benth. accepted as Caesalpinia paipai Ruiz & Pav.
• Caesalpinia coulterioides Griseb. emend. Burkart
• Caesalpinia crista auct. non L. accepted as Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston
• Caesalpinia crista Linnaeus
• Caesalpinia crista Thunb. accepted as Caesalpinia bonduc (Linnaeus) Roxburgh, 1832
• Caesalpinia cristata Prowazek accepted as Caesalpinia bonduc (Linnaeus) Roxburgh, 1832
• Caesalpinia cromantha Burkart accepted as Caesalpinia fimbriata Tul.
• Caesalpinia cubensis Greenm. accepted as Caesalpinia violacea (Mill.) Standl.
• Caesalpinia cucullata Roxb.
• Caesalpinia culebrae (Britton & Wilson) Alain
• Caesalpinia dalei Brenan & J.B. Gillett accepted as Caesalpinia insolita (Harms) Brenan & J.B. Gillett
• Caesalpinia dasyrhachis Miq. accepted as Peltophorum dasyrrhachis (Miq.) Kurz
• Caesalpinia dasyrrhachis Miq. accepted as Peltophorum dasyrrhachis (Miq.) Kurz
• Caesalpinia dauensis Thulin
• Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston
• Caesalpinia delphinensis Du Puy & R. Rabev.
• Caesalpinia dictamnoides Chodat & Hassl. accepted as Caesalpinia rubicunda (Vogel) Benth.
• Caesalpinia digyna Rottler
• Caesalpinia divergens Urb. accepted as Caesalpinia ciliata (Wikstr.) Urb.
• Caesalpinia domingensis Urb.
• Caesalpinia drummondii (Torr. & A. Gray) Fisher accepted as Hoffmannseggia drummondii Torr. & A. Gray
• Caesalpinia dubia Spreng. accepted as Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.
• Caesalpinia ebano H. Karst.
• Caesalpinia echinata Lam.
• Caesalpinia egena (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr. accepted as Hoffmannseggia viscosa Hook. & Arn.
• Caesalpinia elata Sw.
• Caesalpinia enneaphylla Roxb.
• Caesalpinia epifanioi J.L. Contr.
• Caesalpinia erianthera Chiov.
• Caesalpinia eriostachys Benth.
• Caesalpinia erlangeri Harms accepted as Caesalpinia trothae Harms
• Caesalpinia exilifolia Griseb.
• Caesalpinia exostemma DC.
• Caesalpinia falcaria (Cav.) Fisher accepted as Hoffmannseggia glauca (Ortega) Eifert
• Caesalpinia ferox Hassk. accepted as Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston
• Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart.
• Caesalpinia ferruginea Decne. accepted as Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) K. Heyne