• Cylindrospermum Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886
• Cylindrospermum alatosporum F.E. Fritsch, 1918
• Cylindrospermum bengalense Biswas, 1925
• Cylindrospermum catenatum (Ralfs) Bornet & Flahault, 1886
• Cylindrospermum caucasicum Woronichin, 1923
• Cylindrospermum comatum H.C. Wood, 1873
• Cylindrospermum desikacharyi Komárek, 1989
• Cylindrospermum doryphorum Brühl & Biswas, 1922
• Cylindrospermum ecballiisporum Komárek
• Cylindrospermum fluviaticum Schkorbatow, 1923
• Cylindrospermum goetzei Schmidle, 1901
• Cylindrospermum gorakhpurense R.N. singh, 1939
• Cylindrospermum humicola Kützing, 1843
• Cylindrospermum indentatum G.S. West, 1909
• Cylindrospermum indicum C.B. Rao, 1936
• Cylindrospermum licheniforme Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886
• Cylindrospermum maius Kütz. ex Bornet & Flahault
• Cylindrospermum majus Kützing, 1843
• Cylindrospermum marchicum Lemmermann, 1910
• Cylindrospermum michailovskoense Elenkin, 1911
• Cylindrospermum minimum G.S. West, 1914
• Cylindrospermum minutissimum Collins, 1896
• Cylindrospermum muscicola Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886
• Cylindrospermum planctonica Cronberg, 2003 accepted as Cronbergia planctonica (Cronberg) Komárek, Zapomelová & Hindák, 2010
• Cylindrospermum planctonicum S.P. Singh, Tiwari & D.C. Pandey, 1980
• Cylindrospermum polyspermum Kützing
• Cylindrospermum punctatum Woronichin, 1923
• Cylindrospermum pusillum Collins
• Cylindrospermum rectangulare Playfair
• Cylindrospermum rotoruense Nash, 1938
• Cylindrospermum sphaericum B.N. Prasad, 1952
• Cylindrospermum stagnale (Kützing) Bornet & Flahault, 1888
• Cylindrospermum toledii Budde, 1929
• Cylindrospermum trichotospermum Frémy, 1930
• Cylindrospermum tropicum W. West & G.S. West, 1902
• Cylindrospermum vouki Pevalek, 1916
• Cylindrospermum zonatum Komárek, 1989