• Ephedra Linnaeus, 1753
• Ephedra antisyphilitica Berl. ex C.A. Mey.
• Ephedra arenicola Cutler
• Ephedra aspera Engelm. ex S. Wats.
• Ephedra californica S. Wats.
• Ephedra clokeyi Cutler accepted as Ephedra fasciculata A. Nels.
• Ephedra coryi E.L. Reed
• Ephedra cutleri Peebles
• Ephedra distachya Linnaeus
• Ephedra equisetina Bunge
• Ephedra fasciculata A. Nels.
• Ephedra foliata Boiss
• Ephedra funerea Coville & Morton
• Ephedra gerardiana Wallich ex Stapf
• Ephedra intermixta Cutler
• Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats.
• Ephedra notensis Cookson, 1957 †
• Ephedra pedunculata Engelm. ex S. Wats.
• Ephedra reedii Cory accepted as Ephedra aspera Engelm. ex S. Wats.
• Ephedra sinica Stapf
• Ephedra torreyana S. Wats.
• Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats.
• Ephedra viridis Coville
• Ephedraceae Dumortier, 1829
• Ephedracetes T.C. Huang, 1981 †
• Ephedracites Malyavkina † accepted as Ephedripites N.A. Bolchovitina ex R. Potonié, 1958 †
• Ephedrales accepted as Gnetales
• Ephedranthus S. Moore, 1895
• Ephedraphis Hille Ris Lambers, 1959 (uncertain)
• Ephedraspis Borkhsenius, 1949
• Ephedraspis ephedrarum Borchsenius, 1949 accepted as Dynaspidiotus ephedrarum (Lindinger, 1912)
• Ephedraspis rhodesiensis Borchsenius, 1966 accepted as Dynaspidiotus rhodesiensis (Hall, 1928)
• Ephedraspis tenera Bazarov & Shmelev, 1967 accepted as Dynaspidiotus tener (Bazarov & Shmelev, 1967)
• Ephedraspis umtalii Borchsenius, 1966 accepted as Dynaspidiotus umtalii (Hall, 1929)