• Tithymalus Hill, 1756 accepted as Euphorbia Linnaeus, 1753
• Tithymalus J. Gaertner, 1790 accepted as Euphorbia Linnaeus, 1753
• Tithymalus P. Miller, 1754 accepted as Euphorbia Linnaeus, 1753
• Tithymalus Séguier, 1754 accepted as Euphorbia Linnaeus, 1753
• Tithymalus acalyphoides (Hochst. ex Boiss.) Schweinf. accepted as Euphorbia acalyphoides Hochst. ex Boiss.
• Tithymalus acanthothamnos (Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia acanthothamnos Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss.
• Tithymalus acicularis Dulac accepted as Euphorbia cyparissias Linnaeus
• Tithymalus acutifolius Lam. accepted as Euphorbia pithyusa Linnaeus
• Tithymalus adenensis (Deflers) Soják accepted as Euphorbia balsamifera Aiton
• Tithymalus adenochlorus (C. Morren & Decne.) Hara accepted as Euphorbia adenochlora C. Morren & Decne.
• Tithymalus adrianus Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia papillosa A. St.-Hil.
• Tithymalus aellenii (Rech. f.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia aellenii Rech. f.
• Tithymalus agowensis (Hochst. ex Boiss.) Schweinf. accepted as Euphorbia agowensis Hochst. ex Boiss.
• Tithymalus agrarius (M. Bieb.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia agraria M. Bieb.
• Tithymalus akenocarpus (Guss.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia akenocarpa Guss.
• Tithymalus alaicus Prokh. accepted as Euphorbia alaica (Prokh.) Prokh.
• Tithymalus alatavicus (Boiss.) Prokh. accepted as Euphorbia alatavica Boiss.
• Tithymalus aleppicus (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia aleppica Linnaeus
• Tithymalus alpigena (A. Kern.) Woerl. accepted as Euphorbia dulcis Linnaeus
• Tithymalus alpinus (C.A. Mey. ex Ledeb.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia alpina C.A. Mey. ex Ledeb.
• Tithymalus altaicus (C.A. Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia altaica C.A. Mey. ex Ledeb.
• Tithymalus altissimus (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia altissima Boiss.
• Tithymalus altotibeticus (Paulsen) Prokh. accepted as Euphorbia altotibetica Paulsen
• Tithymalus altus (Norton) Wooton & Standl. accepted as Euphorbia alta Norton
• Tithymalus amplexicaulis Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia condylocarpa M. Bieb.
• Tithymalus amygdaloides (L.) Garsault accepted as Euphorbia amygdaloides Linnaeus
• Tithymalus anacampseros (Boiss.) Klotzsch accepted as Euphorbia anacampseros Boiss.
• Tithymalus ancyrensis (Azn. ex M.S. Khan) Soják accepted as Euphorbia coniosperma Boiss. & Buhse
• Tithymalus andrachnoides (Schrenk) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia andrachnoides Schrenk
• Tithymalus androsaemifolius (Schousb. ex Willd.) Samp. accepted as Euphorbia esula Linnaeus
• Tithymalus angulatus (Jacq.) Raf. accepted as Euphorbia angulata Jacq.
• Tithymalus angustatus (Rochel) Soják accepted as Euphorbia angustata (Rochel) Simonk.
• Tithymalus angustifolius Gilib. accepted as Euphorbia cyparissias Linnaeus
• Tithymalus angustifrons (Borbás) Holub accepted as Euphorbia angustifrons Borbás
• Tithymalus antiquorus (L.) Moench accepted as Euphorbia antiquorum Linnaeus
• Tithymalus aphyllus (Brouss. ex Willd.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia aphylla Brouss. ex Willd.
• Tithymalus apiculatus Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia erythrina Link
• Tithymalus apios (L.) Hill accepted as Euphorbia apios Linnaeus
• Tithymalus arboreus Tourn. ex Lam. accepted as Euphorbia dendroides Linnaeus
• Tithymalus ardonensis (Galushko) Galushko accepted as Euphorbia ardonensis Galushko
• Tithymalus argutus (Banks & Sol.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia arguta Banks & Sol.
• Tithymalus aristatus (Schmalh.) Prokh. accepted as Euphorbia aristata Schmalh.
• Tithymalus arkansanus (Engelm. & A. Gray) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia spathulata Lam.
• Tithymalus arvalis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia arvalis Boiss. & Heldr.
• Tithymalus asper (M. Bieb.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia squamosa Willd.
• Tithymalus atlantis (Maire) Soják accepted as Euphorbia clementei Boiss.
• Tithymalus atropurpureus (Brouss. ex Willd.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia atropurpurea Brouss. ex Willd.
• Tithymalus atrosanguineus Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia portulacoides Linnaeus
• Tithymalus attenuatus Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia silenifolia (Haw.) Sweet
• Tithymalus aucheri (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia aucheri Boiss.
• Tithymalus aulacospermus (Boiss.) Klotzsch accepted as Euphorbia aulacosperma Boiss.
• Tithymalus auriculatus Lam. accepted as Chamaesyce peplis (L.) Prokh.
• Tithymalus austriacus (A. Kern.) Á. Löve & D. Löve accepted as Euphorbia illirica Lam.
• Tithymalus austrinus Small accepted as Euphorbia commutata Engelm. ex A. Gray
• Tithymalus austroanatolicus (Hub.-Mor. & M.S. Khan) Soják accepted as Euphorbia glabriflora Vis.
• Tithymalus azoricus (Hochst.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia azorica Hochst.
• Tithymalus aztecus Croizat accepted as Pedilanthus bracteatus (Jacq.) Boiss.
• Tithymalus baeticus (Boiss.) Samp. accepted as Euphorbia baetica Boiss.
• Tithymalus bahamensis (Millsp.) Croizat accepted as Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit.
• Tithymalus balsamifer (Aiton) Haw. accepted as Euphorbia balsamifera Aiton
• Tithymalus barrelieri (Savi) Soják accepted as Euphorbia barrelieri Savi
• Tithymalus basarabicus (Prodán) Soják accepted as Euphorbia basarabica Prodán
• Tithymalus baxanicus (Galushko) Galushko accepted as Euphorbia baxanica Galushko
• Tithymalus bazargicus (Prodán) Soják accepted as Euphorbia bazargica Prodán
• Tithymalus beamanii (M.C. Johnst.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia beamanii M.C. Johnst.
• Tithymalus bergii Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia silenifolia (Haw.) Sweet
• Tithymalus berytheus (Boiss. & Blanche) Soják accepted as Euphorbia berythea Boiss. & Blanche
• Tithymalus biglandulosus (Desf.) Haw. accepted as Euphorbia rigida M. Bieb.
• Tithymalus biumbellatus (Poir.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia biumbellata Poir.
• Tithymalus bivonae (Steud.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia bivonae Steud.
• Tithymalus blepharophyllus (C.A. Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia blepharophylla C.A. Mey. ex Ledeb.
• Tithymalus boissierianus Woronow accepted as Euphorbia boissieriana (Woronow) Prokh.
• Tithymalus bounophilus (Boiss.) Prokh. accepted as Euphorbia aucheri Boiss.
• Tithymalus brachycerus (Engelm.) Small accepted as Euphorbia brachycera Engelm.
• Tithymalus brachypus Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia mauritanica Linnaeus
• Tithymalus bracteatus (Jacq.) Haw. accepted as Pedilanthus bracteatus (Jacq.) Boiss.
• Tithymalus braunii Schweinf. accepted as Euphorbia longituberculosa Hochst. ex Boiss.
• Tithymalus bridgesii Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia portulacoides Linnaeus
• Tithymalus briquetii (Emb. & Maire) Soják accepted as Euphorbia briquetii Emb. & Maire
• Tithymalus brittingeri (Opiz ex Samp.) Holub accepted as Euphorbia verrucosa Linnaeus
• Tithymalus broteroi (Daveau) Soják accepted as Euphorbia oxyphylla Boiss.
• Tithymalus buchtormensis (C.A. Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia buchtormensis C.A. Mey. ex Ledeb.
• Tithymalus budensis (T. Simon) Chrtek & Krísa accepted as Euphorbia budensis T. Simon
• Tithymalus buhsei (Boiss.) Prokh. accepted as Euphorbia buhsei Boiss.
• Tithymalus bungei (Boiss.) Prokh. accepted as Euphorbia bungei Boiss.
• Tithymalus bupleurifolius (Jacq.) Haw. accepted as Euphorbia bupleurifolia Jacq.
• Tithymalus bupleuroides (Desf.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia bupleuroides Desf.
• Tithymalus buschianus (Grossh.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia buschiana Grossh.
• Tithymalus cadrilateri (Prodán) Soják accepted as Euphorbia nicaeensis All.
• Tithymalus caeladenius (Boiss.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia caeladenia Boiss.
• Tithymalus caesalpini Bubani accepted as Euphorbia hirsuta Linnaeus
• Tithymalus caesius (Kar. & Kir.) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia esula Linnaeus
• Tithymalus caespitosus (Lam.) Soják accepted as Euphorbia caespitosa Lam.
• Tithymalus caiogalus (Ehrh.) Moench accepted as Euphorbia seguieriana Neck.
• Tithymalus calcaratus (Schltdl.) Croizat accepted as Pedilanthus calcaratus Schltdl.
• Tithymalus calendulifolius (Delile) Raf. accepted as Euphorbia arguta Banks & Sol.
• Tithymalus calyculatus (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia calyculata Kunth
• Tithymalus calyptratus (Coss. & Kralik) Soják accepted as Euphorbia calyptrata Coss. & Kralik
• Tithymalus campestris (S. Geuns) Klotzsch & Garcke accepted as Euphorbia seguieriana Neck.
• Tithymalus canariensis (L.) H. Karst. accepted as Euphorbia canariensis Linnaeus