IRMNG taxon details
basis of record
Gardin, A.; Salesa, M. J.; Siliceo, G.; Antón, M.; Pastor, J. F.; de Bonis, L. (2021). Climbing adaptations of an enigmatic early arctoid carnivoran: the functional anatomy of the forelimb of Amphicynodon leptorhynchus from the Lower Oligocene of the Quercy Phosphorites (France). <em>Journal of Mammalian Evolution.</em> 28(3): 785-811., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-021-09553-w [details]
taxonomy source
Gardin, A.; Salesa, M. J.; Siliceo, G.; Antón, M.; Pastor, J. F.; de Bonis, L. (2021). Climbing adaptations of an enigmatic early arctoid carnivoran: the functional anatomy of the forelimb of Amphicynodon leptorhynchus from the Lower Oligocene of the Quercy Phosphorites (France). <em>Journal of Mammalian Evolution.</em> 28(3): 785-811., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-021-09553-w [details]
name verified source
McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp. note: in synonymy of Phocoidea (superfamily), not recognised as separate family (Amphicynodon and allies listed as unallocated in Phocoidea) [details]
current name source
Gardin, A.; Salesa, M. J.; Siliceo, G.; Antón, M.; Pastor, J. F.; de Bonis, L. (2021). Climbing adaptations of an enigmatic early arctoid carnivoran: the functional anatomy of the forelimb of Amphicynodon leptorhynchus from the Lower Oligocene of the Quercy Phosphorites (France). <em>Journal of Mammalian Evolution.</em> 28(3): 785-811., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-021-09553-w [details]
extant flag source
Gardin, A.; Salesa, M. J.; Siliceo, G.; Antón, M.; Pastor, J. F.; de Bonis, L. (2021). Climbing adaptations of an enigmatic early arctoid carnivoran: the functional anatomy of the forelimb of Amphicynodon leptorhynchus from the Lower Oligocene of the Quercy Phosphorites (France). <em>Journal of Mammalian Evolution.</em> 28(3): 785-811., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-021-09553-w [details]
habitat flag source
as per included genera [details]
Unreviewed
Taxonomic remark Family not recognised in McKenna & Bell (members treated as unallocated in Phocoidae); treated as a subfamily of Ursidae in some sources. From Gardin et al, 2021: The phylogenetic position of the Amphicynodontidae is still uncertain. Its members are usually classified as basal Arctoidea (an infraorder of Carnivora, including Ursidae, Musteloidea and Pinnipedia), with a possible affiliation with the Ursoidea (a clade composed of Ursidae and Pinnipedia), or as the stem group of Ursidae (Cirot 1992; Cirot and Bonis 1992; Wang et al. 2005; Finarelli 2008; Tomiya and Tseng 2016). From Wikipedia, Sep 2022: Amphicynodontidae is a probable clade of extinct arctoids. While some researchers consider this group to be an extinct subfamily of bears, a variety of morphological evidence links amphicynodontines with pinnipeds, as the group were semi-aquatic otter-like mammals. [details]
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