Between brackets is the number of accepted species
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- Biota
- Kingdom Animalia
- Kingdom Archaea
- Kingdom Bacteria
- Kingdom Chromista
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Plantae
- Phylum Acritarcha †
- Phylum Algae (awaiting allocation)
- Phylum Algae incertae sedis
- Phylum Anthocerotophyta
- Phylum Bryophyta
- Phylum Calcitarcha †
- Phylum Charophyta
- Phylum Chlorophyta
- Phylum Eophyta †
- Phylum Glaucophyta
- Phylum Gymnospermophyta accepted as Tracheophyta
- Phylum Horneophyta †
- Phylum Magnoliophyta accepted as Tracheophyta
- Phylum Marchantiophyta
- Phylum Picozoa
- Phylum Plantae (awaiting allocation)
- Phylum Prasinodermatophyta
- Phylum Pteridophyta accepted as Tracheophyta
- Phylum Rhodelphidia
- Phylum Rhodophyta
- Subdivision Cyanidiophytina
- Subdivision Eurhodophytina
- Class Bangiophyceae
- Class Florideophyceae
- Order Acrochaetiales
- Order Acrosymphytales
- Order Ahnfeltiales
- Order Atractophorales
- Order Balbianiales
- Order Balliales
- Order Batrachospermales
- Order Bonnemaisoniales
- Order Catenellopsidales
- Order Ceramiales
- Order Colaconematales
- Order Corallinales
- Order Corynodactylales
- Order Cryptonemiales accepted as Halymeniales
- Order Entwisleiales
- Order Florideophyceae (awaiting allocation)
- Order Gelidiales
- Order Gigartinales
- Order Gracilariales
- Order Halymeniales
- Order Hapalidiales
- Family Hapalidiaceae
- Genus Agardhia Meneghini, 1838 accepted as Phymatolithon Foslie, 1898
- Genus Agardhina Nardo, 1834 accepted as Phymatolithon Foslie, 1898
- Genus Antarcticophyllum (Maire Lemoine) M.L. Mendoza, 1976 accepted as Clathromorphum Foslie, 1898
- Genus Apora Gunnerus, 1768 accepted as Phymatolithon Foslie, 1898
- Genus Austrolithon A.S. Harvey & Woelkerling, 1995
- Genus Boreolithon A.S. Harvey & W.J. Woelkerling, 1995
- Genus Callilithophytum P.W. Gabrielson, W.H. Adey, G.P. Johnson & J.J. Hernandez-Kantun in Adey, Hernandez‐Kantun, Johnson & Gabrielson, 2015
- Genus Chaetolithon Foslie, 1898 accepted as Choreonema F. Schmitz, 1889
- Genus Choreonema F. Schmitz, 1889
- Genus Crustaphytum L.-C. Liu & S.-M. Lin in Liu et al., 2018
- Genus Eleutherospora Heydrich, 1900 accepted as Phymatolithon Foslie, 1898
- Genus Endosiphonia Ardissone, 1883 accepted as Choreonema F. Schmitz, 1889
- Genus Epilithon Heydrich, 1897 accepted as Melobesia J.V.F. Lamouroux, 1812
- Genus Epulo R.A. Townsend & J. M Huisman, 2004
- Genus Exilicrusta Chamberlain, 1992
- Genus Hapalidium Kützing, 1843 accepted as Melobesia J.V.F. Lamouroux, 1812
- Genus Juergensia Reichenbach, 1841
- Genus Lithothamnion Heydrich, 1897
- Genus Mastophoropsis Woelkerling, 1978
- Genus Melobesia J.V.F. Lamouroux, 1812
- Species Melobesia accola (Foslie) Lemoine
- Species Melobesia agariciformis Areschoug, 1851 accepted as Lithophyllum dentatum (Kützing) Foslie, 1900
- Species Melobesia amplexifrons Harvey, 1849 accepted as Pneophyllum amplexifrons (Harvey) Y.M. Chamberlain & R.E. Norris, 1994
- Species Melobesia antarctica (J.D. Hooker & Harvey) Harvey accepted as Lithothamnion antarcticum (J.D. Hooker & Harvey) Heydrich, 1901
- Species Melobesia bermudensis Foslie, 1901 accepted as Lithoporella bermudensis (Foslie) W.H. Adey, 1970
- Species Melobesia brassica-florida Harvey, 1849 accepted as Neogoniolithon brassica-florida (Harvey) Setchell & L.R. Mason, 1943
- Species Melobesia calcarea (Pallas) Harvey, 1849 accepted as Phymatolithon calcareum (Pallas) W.H. Adey & D.L. McKibbin, 1970
- Species Melobesia callithamnioides (P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan) Falkenberg, 1879 accepted as Pneophyllum confervicolum (Kützing) Y.M. Chamberlain, 1983
- Species Melobesia callithamnioides Falkenberg ex Solms-Laubach, 1881 accepted as Hydrolithon farinosum (J.V. Lamouroux) D. Penrose & Y.M. Chamberlain, 1993
- Species Melobesia canescens Foslie, 1900 accepted as Titanoderma canescens (Foslie) Woelkerling, Y.M. Chamberlain & P.C. Silva, 1985
- Species Melobesia carpophylli Heydrich, 1893 accepted as Tenarea carpophylli (Heydrich) V.J. Chapman & P.G. Parkinson, 1974
- Species Melobesia caspica Foslie, 1899 accepted as Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Nägeli, 1858
- Species Melobesia caulerpae Foslie, 1906 accepted as Pneophyllum coronatum (Rosanoff) Penrose, 1994
- Species Melobesia compressa M'Calla, 1849 accepted as Phymatolithon calcareum (Pallas) W.H. Adey & D.L. McKibbin, 1970
- Species Melobesia confervicola (Kützing) Foslie, 1900 accepted as Pneophyllum confervicolum (Kützing) Y.M. Chamberlain, 1983
- Species Melobesia confervoides Funk, 1955
- Species Melobesia confinis P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan, 1867 accepted as Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Nägeli, 1858
- Species Melobesia corallinae P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan, 1867 accepted as Titanoderma corallinae (P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan) Woelkerling, Y.M. Chamberlain & P.C. Silva, 1985
- Species Melobesia coronata Rosanoff, 1866 accepted as Pneophyllum coronatum (Rosanoff) Penrose, 1994
- Species Melobesia corticiformis Kützing, 1849 accepted as Melobesia membranacea (Esper) J.V. Lamouroux, 1812
- Species Melobesia crassa Lloyd, 1860 accepted as Lithophyllum tortuosum (Esper) Foslie, 1900
- Species Melobesia crassiuscula Kützing, 1843
- Species Melobesia cristata (Meneghini) Ardissone, 1883 accepted as Lithophyllum tortuosum (Esper) Foslie, 1900
- Species Melobesia cymodoceae Foslie, 1901 accepted as Hydrolithon cymodoceae (Foslie) Penrose, 1992
- Species Melobesia cystoseirae Hauck accepted as Lithophyllum cystoseirae (Hauck) Heydrich, 1897
- Species Melobesia darwinii Harvey, 1849 accepted as Lithothamnion darwinii (Harvey) Areschoug, 1852
- Species Melobesia decipiens Foslie, 1897 accepted as Pseudolithophyllum decipiens (Foslie) Steneck & R.T. Paine, 1986
- Species Melobesia decussata Endlicher, 1843 accepted as Lithophyllum decussatum (J. Ellis & Solander) Philippi, 1837
- Species Melobesia deformans Solms-Laubach, 1881 accepted as Choreonema thuretii (Bornet) F. Schmitz, 1889
- Species Melobesia dentata (Kützing) Decaisne, 1842 accepted as Lithophyllum dentatum (Kützing) Foslie, 1900
- Species Melobesia explanata (Foslie) Foslie, 1908
- Species Melobesia farinosa J.V. Lamouroux, 1816 accepted as Hydrolithon farinosum (J.V. Lamouroux) D. Penrose & Y.M. Chamberlain, 1993
- Species Melobesia fasciculata (Lamarck) Harvey, 1846 accepted as Lithophyllum fasciculatum (Lamarck) Foslie, 1898
- Species Melobesia fertilis M. Lemoine, 1930 accepted as Fosliella fertilis (M. Lemoine) Segonzac, 1984
- Species Melobesia flabellata Sonder, 1845 accepted as Metamastophora flabellata (Sonder) Setchell, 1943
- Species Melobesia foliacea Kützing, 1843 accepted as Mastophora rosea (C. Agardh) Setchell, 1943
- Species Melobesia fosliei Rosenvige, 1917 accepted as Pneophyllum confervicolum (Kützing) Y.M. Chamberlain, 1983
- Species Melobesia frondosa Dufour, 1861 accepted as Lithophyllum stictaeforme (J.E. Areschoug) Hauck, 1877
- Species Melobesia fruticulosa (Kützing) Decaisne, 1842 accepted as Spongites fruticulosus Kützing, 1841
- Species Melobesia galapagensis (Foslie) W.R. Taylor, 1945
- Species Melobesia gibbsii Setchell & Foslie accepted as Heteroderma gibbsii (Setchell & Foslie) Foslie, 1909
- Species Melobesia grandiuscula Montagne, 1846
- Species Melobesia granulata (Meneghini) Zanardini, 1843 accepted as Hydrolithon farinosum (J.V. Lamouroux) D. Penrose & Y.M. Chamberlain, 1993
- Species Melobesia hapalidioides P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan, 1867 accepted as Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Nägeli, 1858
- Species Melobesia hildebrantioides (P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan) Foslie, 1898 accepted as Melobesia membranacea (Esper) J.V. Lamouroux, 1812
- Species Melobesia inaequilaterata Solms-Laubach, 1881 accepted as Epilithon inaequilateralum (Solms-Laubach) Schiffner, 1916
- Species Melobesia indica (Foslie) Jadin, 1935 accepted as Lithoporella indica (Foslie) Adey, 1970
- Species Melobesia insidiosa (Solms-Laubach) Heydrich, 1897 accepted as Neogoniolithon brassica-florida (Harvey) Setchell & L.R. Mason, 1943
- Species Melobesia kerguelena Dickie, 1876 accepted as Lithothamnion kerguelenum (Dickie) Foslie, 1898
- Species Melobesia laminariae P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan, 1867 accepted as Titanoderma laminariae (P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan) Y.M. Chamberlain, 1991
- Species Melobesia lamourouxii Decaisne, 1842
- Species Melobesia lejolisii Rosanoff, 1866 accepted as Pneophyllum fragile Kützing, 1843
- Species Melobesia lenormandii J.E. Areschoug, 1852 accepted as Phymatolithon lenormandii (J.E. Areschoug) W.H. Adey, 1966
- Species Melobesia leptura Foslie, 1906
- Species Melobesia lichenoides (J. Ellis) Harvey, 1849 accepted as Mesophyllum lichenoides (J. Ellis) Me. Lemoine, 1928
- Species Melobesia lichenoides (Philippi) Endlicher, 1843 accepted as Lithophyllum byssoides (Lamarck) Foslie, 1900
- Species Melobesia limitata (Foslie) Rosenvinge, 1917 accepted as Pneophyllum limitatum (Foslie) Y.M. Chamberlain, 1983
- Species Melobesia macrocarpa Rosanoff, 1866 accepted as Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Nägeli, 1858
- Species Melobesia mamillaris Harvey, 1849 accepted as Neogoniolithon mamillare (Harvey) Setchell & L.R. Mason, 1943
- Species Melobesia marginata Setchell & Foslie, 1902
- Species Melobesia masakii Baba & Yoshida, 1997 accepted as Melobesia tomitaroi N.G. Kloczcova, 1987
- Species Melobesia mauritiana (Foslie) Foslie, 1908 accepted as Pneophyllum mauritianum (Foslie) P.C. Silva, 1996
- Species Melobesia mediocris (Foslie) Setchell & L.R. Mason, 1943
- Species Melobesia mediterranea Foslie, 1906 accepted as Titanoderma mediterraneum (Foslie) Woelkerling, 1988
- Species Melobesia melobesioides (Foslie) Lemoine, 1927
- Species Melobesia membranacea (Esper) J.V. Lamouroux, 1812
- Species Melobesia microspora Rosenvige, 1917 accepted as Pneophyllum fragile Kützing, 1843
- Species Melobesia minutula Foslie, 1904 accepted as Pneophyllum confervicolum (Kützing) Y.M. Chamberlain, 1983
- Species Melobesia myriocarpa P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan, 1867 accepted as Pneophyllum myriocarpum (P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan) Y.M. Chamberlain, 1983
- Species Melobesia notarisii L. Dufour, 1861 accepted as Neogoniolithon brassica-florida (Harvey) Setchell & L.R. Mason, 1943
- Species Melobesia novae-zelandiae Heydrich, 1897 accepted as Fosliella farinosa (J.V. Lamouroux) M.A. Howe, 1920
- Species Melobesia pacifica Heydrich, 1901 accepted as Mastophora pacifica (Heydrich) Foslie, 1903
- Species Melobesia pacifica Masaki, 1968 accepted as Melobesia tomitaroi N.G. Kloczcova, 1987
- Species Melobesia paschalis M. Lemoine, 1924 accepted as Fosliella paschalis (M. Lemoine) Setchell & N.L. Gardner, 1930
- Species Melobesia patena J.D. Hooker & Harvey, 1849 accepted as Synarthrophyton patena (J.D. Hooker & Harvey) R.A. Townsend, 1979
- Species Melobesia phragmiticola Skolka, 1961
- Species Melobesia plana Sonder, 1845 accepted as Metamastophora flabellata (Sonder) Setchell, 1943
- Species Melobesia polycarpa Zanardini
- Species Melobesia polymorpha Harvey, 1843 accepted as Lithophyllum incrustans R.A. Philippi, 1837
- Species Melobesia polystromatica E.Y. Dawson, 1960
- Species Melobesia prototypa (Foslie) Foslie, 1898 accepted as Lithophyllum prototypum (Foslie) Foslie, 1905
- Species Melobesia pruinosa Kützing, 1845 accepted as Pneophyllum fragile Kützing, 1843
- Species Melobesia pustulata J.V. Lamouroux, 1816 accepted as Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Nägeli, 1858
- Species Melobesia rosanoffii (Foslie) Lemoine, 1912
- Species Melobesia rosea Rosanoff, 1866 accepted as Melobesia membranacea (Esper) J.V. Lamouroux, 1812
- Species Melobesia sargassi (Foslie) Foslie, 1908 accepted as Hydrolithon sargassi (Foslie) Y.M. Chamberlain, 1994
- Species Melobesia scabiosa Harvey, 1847 accepted as Lithothamnion scabiosum (Harvey) Foslie, 1898
- Species Melobesia simulans P.L. Crouan & H.M. Crouan, 1867 accepted as Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Nägeli, 1858
- Species Melobesia solmsiana Falkenberg, 1901 accepted as Hydrolithon farinosum (J.V. Lamouroux) D. Penrose & Y.M. Chamberlain, 1993
- Species Melobesia solmsii Bornet ex Lemoine, 1912
- Species Melobesia stelligera Endlicher & Diesing, 1845 accepted as Metamastophora flabellata (Sonder) Setchell, 1943
- Species Melobesia stictaeformis J.E. Areschoug, 1852 accepted as Lithophyllum stictaeforme (J.E. Areschoug) Hauck, 1877
- Species Melobesia subplana Rosenvinge, 1917 accepted as Pneophyllum subplanum (Rosenvinge) Y.M. Chamberlain ex G.R. South & Tittley, 1986
- Species Melobesia subtilissima Foslie, 1905 accepted as Heteroderma subtilissimum (Foslie) Foslie, 1909
- Species Melobesia tasmanica (Foslie) De Toni, 1924
- Species Melobesia tenuis Decaisne, 1842
- Species Melobesia thuretii Bornet, 1878 accepted as Choreonema thuretii (Bornet) F. Schmitz, 1889
- Species Melobesia tomitaroi N.G. Kloczcova, 1987
- Species Melobesia trichostoma Rosenvinge, 1917 accepted as Pneophyllum coronatum (Rosanoff) Penrose, 1994
- Species Melobesia triplex Heydrich, 1902
- Species Melobesia van-heurckii (Heydrich) De Toni, 1924 accepted as Boreolithon van-heurckii (Heydrich) A.S. Harvey & Woelkerling, 1995
- Species Melobesia verrucata J.V. Lamouroux, 1816 accepted as Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V. Lamouroux) Nägeli, 1858
- Species Melobesia zostericola (Foslie) Foslie, 1907 accepted as Pneophyllum zostericola (Foslie) N.G. Kloczcova, 1987
- Genus Neopolyporolithon W.H. Adey & H.W. Johansen, 1972 accepted as Clathromorphum Foslie, 1898
- Genus Nullipora J.B. de Lamarck, 1801 accepted as Phymatolithon Foslie, 1898
- Genus Phymatolithon Foslie, 1898
- Genus Polyporolithon L.R. Mason, 1953 accepted as Mesophyllum Me. Lemoine, 1928
- Genus Sphaeranthera Heydrich, 1900
- Genus Squamolithon Heydrich, 1911 accepted as Lithothamnion Heydrich, 1897
- Genus Stereophyllum Heydrich, 1904 accepted as Mesophyllum Me. Lemoine, 1928
- Genus Synarthrophyton R.A. Townsend, 1979
- Genus Tectolithon R.G. Bahia, M.B. Jesionek & G.M. Amado-Filho in Jesionek et al., 2020
- Family Mesophyllumaceae C.W. Schneider & M.J. Wynne, 2019
- Order Hildenbrandiales
- Order Inkyuleeales
- Order Nemaliales
- Order Nemastomatales
- Order Palmariales
- Order Peyssonneliales
- Order Pihiellales
- Order Plocamiales
- Order Rhodachlyales
- Order Rhodogorgonales
- Order Rhodymeniales
- Order Sebdeniales
- Order Sporolithales
- Order Thoreales
- Family Pterocladiophilaceae Fan & Papenfuss, 1959
- Genus Corallinapetra T.J. Farr, W.A. Nelson & J.E. Sutherland in Nelson et al., 2015
- Genus Entocolax P.F. Reinsch, 1875
- Genus Gremiphyca Y. Zhang, L. Yin, S. Xiao & A.H. Knoll, 1998 †
- Genus Herpophyllum J.G. Agardh, 1894
- Genus Lobocolax M.A. Howe, 1914
- Genus Qingjiangthallus R. Li & X. Zhang, 2022 †
- Genus Ramathallus T. Sallstedt in Bengtson et al., 2017 †
- Genus Thallophycoides Y. Zhang & X.-L. Yuan, 1992 †
- Genus Corticina Y. Zhang & X.-L. Yuan, 1992 † accepted as Thallophycoides Y. Zhang & X.-L. Yuan, 1992 †
- Genus Wengania Y. Zhang, 1989 †
- Subdivision Metarhodophytina
- Subdivision Rhodellophytina
- Class Rhodophyceae accepted as Rhodophyta
- Order Archaeolithophyllales †
- Order Rhodophyta (awaiting allocation)
- Family Demidellaceae †
- Family Dzhulfanellaceae † accepted as Gymnocodiaceae Elliot, 1955 †
- Family Gymnocodiaceae Elliot, 1955 †
- Family Katavellaceae †
- Family Moniliporellaceae Gnilovskaya, 1972 †
- Genus Desmia J.G. Agardh, 1852
- Genus Xiahuayuania L.-Z. Bian, S.-C. Zhang, B.-M. Zhang & D.-R. Wang, 2005 †
- Phylum Sporae dispersae †
- Phylum Tracheophyta
- Phylum Vendophyta † accepted as Algae incertae sedis
- Class Nematophyceae † accepted as Nematophyta †
- Kingdom Protista accepted as Protozoa
- Kingdom Protozoa
- Kingdom Viruses
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