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McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp.
128978
McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K.
1997
Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp.
Publication
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2011-10-06 22:00:00Z
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2016-06-21 23:34:29Z
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2022-04-27 19:18:51Z
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Abacinonyx Kretzoi, 1929 † accepted as Acinonyx Brookes, 1828 (source of synonymy)
Abacinonyx Kretzoi, 1929 † accepted as Acinonyx Brookes, 1828 (habitat flag source)
Abacinonyx Kretzoi, 1929 † accepted as Acinonyx Brookes, 1828 (name verified source)
Abacinonyx Kretzoi, 1929 † accepted as Acinonyx Brookes, 1828 (extant flag source)
Abacinonyx Kretzoi, 1929 † accepted as Acinonyx Brookes, 1828 (verified source for family)
Abacinonyx Kretzoi, 1929 † accepted as Acinonyx Brookes, 1828 (basis of record)
Abathmodon Lund, 1842 accepted as Speothos Lund, 1839 (additional source)
Abderitidae Ameghino, 1889 † (extant flag source)
Abderitidae Ameghino, 1889 † (current name source)
Abeomelomys Menzies, 1990 (additional source)
Abothrodon Couto, 1944 † (verified source for family)
Absonodaphoenus Olsen, 1958 † accepted as Pseudarctos Schlosser, 1899 † (source of synonymy)
Achlysictis Ameghino, 1891 † accepted as Thylacosmilus Riggs, 1933 † (source of synonymy)
Achlysictis Ameghino, 1891 † accepted as Thylacosmilus Riggs, 1933 † (verified source for family)
Achtiaria Borissiak, 1914 † accepted as Palaeotragus Gaudry, 1861 † (source of synonymy)
Achtiaria Borissiak, 1914 † accepted as Palaeotragus Gaudry, 1861 † (verified source for family)
Achyrodon Owen, 1871 † accepted as Amblotherium Owen, 1871 † (source of synonymy)
Achyrodon Owen, 1871 † accepted as Amblotherium Owen, 1871 † (verified source for family)
Aclistomycter Wilson, 1971 † (current name source)
Aclistomycter Wilson, 1971 † (verified source for family)
Acmeodon Matthew & Granger, 1921 † (verified source for family)
Acoelodidae Ameghino, 1901 † accepted as Notoungulata † (status source)
Acoelodus Ameghino, 1897 † (verified source for family)
Acotherulum Gervais, 1850 † (verified source for family)
Acotherulum Gervais, 1850 † (current name source)
Acrobatidae Aplin, 1987 (name verified source)
Acrohyaenodon Ameghino, 1904 † accepted as Thylacosmilus Riggs, 1933 † (source of synonymy)
Acrohyaenodon Ameghino, 1904 † accepted as Thylacosmilus Riggs, 1933 † (verified source for family)
Acropithecus Ameghino, 1903 † (current name source)
Acrostylops Ameghino, 1901 † accepted as Homalostylops Ameghino, 1901 † (source of synonymy)
Acrostylops Ameghino, 1901 † accepted as Homalostylops Ameghino, 1901 † (extant flag source)
Acrotherium Ameghino, 1887 † accepted as Nesodon Owen, 1847 † (verified source for family)
Acrotherium Ameghino, 1887 † accepted as Nesodon Owen, 1847 † (source of synonymy)
Acrotherium Ameghino, 1887 † accepted as Nesodon Owen, 1847 † (extant flag source)
Acrotitan Ye, 1983 † (current name source)
Acrotypotherium Rusconi, 1936 † accepted as Typotheriopsis Cabrera & Kraglievich in Kraglievich, 1930 † (status source)
Acrotypotherium Rusconi, 1936 † accepted as Typotheriopsis Cabrera & Kraglievich in Kraglievich, 1930 † (source of synonymy)
Actiocyon Stock, 1947 † (additional source)
Actiocyon Stock, 1947 † (current name source)
Aculeata Geoffroy, 1795 accepted as Tachyglossus Illiger, 1811 (extant flag source)
Aculeata Geoffroy, 1795 accepted as Tachyglossus Illiger, 1811 (verified source for family)
Aculeodens Weitzel, 1949 † accepted as Macrocranion Weitzel, 1949 † (verified source for family)
Aculeodens Weitzel, 1949 † accepted as Macrocranion Weitzel, 1949 † (source of synonymy)
Acyon Ameghino, 1887 † accepted as Cladosictis Ameghino, 1887 † (extant flag source)
Acyon Ameghino, 1887 † accepted as Cladosictis Ameghino, 1887 † (verified source for family)
Acyon Ameghino, 1887 † accepted as Cladosictis Ameghino, 1887 † (source of synonymy)
Adaetontherium Lewis, 1934 † accepted as Conohyus Pilgrim, 1926 † (source of synonymy)
Adaetontherium Lewis, 1934 † accepted as Conohyus Pilgrim, 1926 † (status source)
Adaetontherium Lewis, 1934 † accepted as Conohyus Pilgrim, 1926 † (extant flag source)
Adapidium Young, 1937 † (name verified source)
Adapidium Young, 1937 † (verified source for family)
Adapisorex Lemoine, 1883 † (extant flag source)
Adapisorex Lemoine, 1883 † (current name source)
Adapisorex Lemoine, 1883 † (verified source for family)
Adapisoricidae Schlosser, 1887 † (current name source)
Adapisoricidae Schlosser, 1887 † (name verified source)
Adelobasileus Lucas & Hunt, 1990 † (verified source for family)
Adelphotherium Ameghino, 1887 † accepted as Nesodon Owen, 1847 † (verified source for family)
Adelphotherium Ameghino, 1887 † accepted as Nesodon Owen, 1847 † (source of synonymy)
Adianthus Ameghino, 1891 † (verified source for family)
Adianthus Ameghino, 1891 † (current name source)
Adiantoides Simpson & Minoprio, 1949 † (verified source for family)
Adiantoides Simpson & Minoprio, 1949 † (current name source)
Adiastemus Ameghino, 1893 † accepted as Pelecyodon Ameghino, 1891 † (source of synonymy)
Adiastemus Ameghino, 1893 † accepted as Pelecyodon Ameghino, 1891 † (verified source for family)
Adiastemus Ameghino, 1893 † accepted as Pelecyodon Ameghino, 1891 † (extant flag source)
Adpithecus Ameghino, 1901 † accepted as Notopithecus Ameghino, 1897 † (verified source for family)
Adpithecus Ameghino, 1901 † accepted as Notopithecus Ameghino, 1897 † (source of synonymy)
Adpithecus Ameghino, 1901 † accepted as Notopithecus Ameghino, 1897 † (extant flag source)
Adracon Filhol, 1885 † (verified source for family)
Adrotherium Filhol, 1883 † accepted as Mixtotherium Filhol, 1880 † (verified source for family)
Adrotherium Filhol, 1883 † accepted as Mixtotherium Filhol, 1880 † (extant flag source)
Adrotherium Filhol, 1883 † accepted as Mixtotherium Filhol, 1880 † (source of synonymy)
Adunator Russell, 1964 † (verified source for family)
Aeluravus Schlosser, 1916 † accepted as Sivanasua Pilgrim, 1931 † (source of synonymy)
Aelureidopus Woodward, 1915 † accepted as Ailuropoda Milne-Edwards, 1870 (source of synonymy)
Aelureidopus Woodward, 1915 † accepted as Ailuropoda Milne-Edwards, 1870 (extant flag source)
Aeluropsis Lydekker, 1884 † (verified source for family)
Aenigmadelphys Cifelli & Johanson, 1994 † (verified source for family)
Aenocyon Merriam, 1918 † (name verified source)
Aenocyon Merriam, 1918 † (verified source for family)
Aeotragus Dietrich, 1950 † accepted as Praedamalis Dietrich, 1950 † (verified source for family)
Aeotragus Dietrich, 1950 † accepted as Praedamalis Dietrich, 1950 † (source of synonymy)
Africanthropus Dreyer, 1935 † accepted as Homo Linnaeus, 1758 (basis of record)
Africanthropus Dreyer, 1935 † accepted as Homo Linnaeus, 1758 (source of synonymy)
Africanthropus Dreyer, 1935 † accepted as Homo Linnaeus, 1758 (extant flag source)
Afrikanthropus Weinert, 1938 † accepted as Homo Linnaeus, 1758 (source of synonymy)
Afrochoerus Leakey, 1942 † accepted as Stylochoerus van Hoepen, 1932 † (verified source for family)
Afrochoerus Leakey, 1942 † accepted as Stylochoerus van Hoepen, 1932 † (source of synonymy)
Afrosmilus Kretzoi, 1929 † accepted as Pseudaelurus Gervais, 1850 † (source of synonymy)
Afrosmilus Kretzoi, 1929 † accepted as Pseudaelurus Gervais, 1850 † (verified source for family)
Aftonius Hay, 1913 † accepted as Euceratherium Furlong & Sinclair, 1904 † (verified source for family)
Aftonius Hay, 1913 † accepted as Euceratherium Furlong & Sinclair, 1904 † (extant flag source)
Aftonius Hay, 1913 † accepted as Euceratherium Furlong & Sinclair, 1904 † (source of synonymy)
Agnocyon Kaup, 1861 † accepted as Agnotherium Kaup, 1833 † (source of synonymy)
Agnocyon Kaup, 1861 † accepted as Agnotherium Kaup, 1833 † (verified source for family)
Agnocyon Kaup, 1861 † accepted as Agnotherium Kaup, 1833 † (extant flag source)
Agnocyon Kaup, 1861 † accepted as Agnotherium Kaup, 1833 † (additional source)
Agnomys Kraglievich, 1940 † (status source)
Agnomys Kraglievich, 1940 † (verified source for family)
 Descriptive info

Even-toed ungulates [details]

 Descriptive info

Mountain pygmy possum. Originally described as fossil/extinct, however live examples discovered in 1966, refer ... [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Carnivora

Carnivores (mammals). [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Cetacea

Whales, dolphins and porpoises. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Chiroptera

Bats. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Cingulata

Armodillos and their fossil relatives (pampatheriids, and glyptodonts). [details]

 Descriptive info

Hedgehogs, moonrats. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Hyracoidea

Hyraxes and allies. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Lagomorpha

Hares, rabbits and allies. [details]

 Descriptive info

Elephant shrews. [details]

 Descriptive info

Odd-toed ungulates. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Pholidota

Pangolins and relatives. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Pilosa

Anteaters and sloths. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Primates

Monkeys, apes and relatives (including humans). [details]

 Descriptive info

Elephants and their extinct relatives. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Rodentia

Rodents. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Scandentia

Tree shrews. [details]

 Descriptive info
 for Sirenia

Dugongs and manatees. [details]

 Descriptive info

Shrews. [details]

 Nomenclatural status

Nom. preocc., replaced by Hemanthropus von Königswald, 1957; both are syns. of Homo according to McKenna & Bell [details]

 Nomenclature

As Homo (Africanthropus) [details]

 Nomenclature

Nomen novum for Hemianthropus von Königswald, 1957 [details]

 Nomenclature

Misspelled Pseudohomo in McKenna & Bell, 1997 [details]

 Subfamily

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Validity questionable. Probably best considered a nomen nudum or nomen oblitum. [details]

 Subfamily

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Palmer (1904) stated that Pontistes is antedated by Palaeopontoporia, based upon the ... [details]

 Subfamily

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Nomen dubium, possibly synonymous with some advanced toxodont. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as syn. of Oldfieldthomasiidae in the Paleobiology DB (2022 version), rationale unclear (Acoelodus is not ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listen in Erinaceomorpha, as per McKenna & Bell, 1997, although as Macroscelidea in The PaleoBiology Database (2019 ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Unallocated in suborder Feliformia according to McKenna & Bell, 1997, although The Paleobiology Database (2022 ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Name misspelled ("Ailurena") in Nomenclator Zoologicus, also with incorrect second author (Wayne not Christian). [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Name spelled Aeluravus (same authority) in Nomenclator Zoologicus; correct spelling not researched. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Stated synonymy (of Sansanosmilus per McKenna & Bell, 1997) requires clarification. McKenna & Bell, 1997 treat ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1997, list as a syn. of Cimolomys, while noting that it "may, instead, be a synonym of Cimolodon". ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Previously as nomen nudum by Kretzoi in Kadic & Kretzoi, 1930 (McKenna & Bell, 1997). [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as a syn. of Microtus in McKenna & Bell, but treated as an accepted genus by some later workers and in the ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as a syn. of Phenacodus in McKenna & Bell, 1997. Schoch, 1998, Transactions of the American Philosophical ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Authority given in Nomenclato Zoologicus as Viret, 1951, which appears to be a later usage (not further researched). [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as accepted genus in The Paleobiology Database (2022 version) based on older works, but a synonym of ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Publication details cited in McKenna & Bell as Heller, 1935: 296. Nomenclator Zoologicus has no record for this ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Either a misspelling in Nomenclator Zoologicus (correct is Amphilemur per McKenna & Bell, 1997 and elsewhere), or a ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Synonymy [i.e., with Carolozittelia] questionable. This name appears to be a nomen ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1997 list Bobolestes in Pappotheriidae, however more recent sources e.g. The Paleobiology DB (2022 ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Excludes subfamily Hathliacyninae of McKenna & Bell, treated as family Hathliacynidae by more recent workers e.g. ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Junior homonym of Bradylemur de Blainville, 1839 (Lorisidae), the latter currently treated as a synonym of Loris, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Corrected from original incorrrect spelling Branssatoglis by Hugueney, 1969. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Original incorrrect spelling; the corrected original spelling Bransatoglis was introduced by Hugueney, 1969. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as an accepted order per McKenna & Bell, 1997, however later workers regard this order as polyphyletic and ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

According to McKenna & Bell, Lesson's name was attributed therein to Gray, 1825, however Gray's name was a nomen ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Gray's original name Cyclothurus, 1825, was a nomen nudum according to both Neave and McKenna & Bell, and the first ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Variant of Daphoenus for D. caroniavorus. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell treat as a nomen oblitum, however this name is invalid, being a junior homonym of Decticus ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1987 include Paleoparadoxidae in this family, however other sources maintain the two families as ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed in own subfamily (Diacodontinae) in McKenna & Bell, 1997, unplaced in Erinaceomorpha. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

?incorrect original spelling: Neave has original spelling as Doliocherus Filhol, 1882, with Doliochoerus Roger, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Proposed as subgenus of Elaphurus. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Possibly should be regarded as a nomen dubium. The Palobiology DB (2022 version) lists ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark
 for Eutheria

Placental mammals; as Placentalia (cohort) in McKenna & Bell. According to the latter authors, not Eutheria Gill, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1997 mention the erection of family Gashterniidae in a note, but treat Gashternia as unallocated ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1997 list this genus as unplaced in Ruminantia, although Paleobiology DB (2022 version) lists in ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Possibly best regarded as a nomen oblitum. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Treated as a subfamily of Borhyaenidae in McKenna & Bell, 1997, but as a separate family by recent authors, e.g. ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Spelling based on genus name Hathlyacynus Ameghino, 1894, an unaccepted variant spelling and objective synonym of ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

pro -liacynus Ameghino 1887 (Nomen. Zool.). Year given as 1894 in McKenna & Bell. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

New genus, species (Helacyton gartleri) and family (Helacytidae) erected for a human cell line grown in the ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Nomen dubium, possibly a synonym of some advanced toxodont. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Originally as subgenus of Ischyrictis Helbing, 1930. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Authority given in McKenna & Bell as Falconer & Cautley in Owen, 1845. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1997 list as Marsupialia (=Metatheria) unallocated; also as "basal metatheria" in Davis & Cifelli, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Original (incorrect) spelling: Kühneon. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Original incorrect spelling, see Kuehneon. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: "Probably best regarded as a nomen dubium". Gaetano & Rougier, 2012 state: A form ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Proposed as subgenus (McKenna & Bell, 1997). [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Corrected original spelling (original spelling McKennatherium) by McKenna & Bell, 1997. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Replacement name for Myoryctes Forsyth Major, 1908, preoccupied. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Emended to Mackennamorphus by McKenna & Bell, 1997, however both names considered synonyms of Tetonius in that work. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Included as an accepted genus in Plesiadapidae (Primates) in PaleoBiology Database (2022 version) "according to G. ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1997 quote a statement by Simpson, 1945 to the effect that the name "Megalonyx Jefferson, 1799" is ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1997 quote a statement by Simpson, 1945 to the effect that the name "Megalonyx Jefferson, 1799" is ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as unallocated in suborder Feliformia in McKenna & Bell, 1997, although The Paleobiology Database (2022 ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Name mentioned in passing only in McKenna & Bell (in discussion of the different name Mesochoerus Shaw & Cooke, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Not preoccupied by Mesochoerus Trouessart, 1898, a misspelling of Mesochaerus Depéret, 1887 and thus unavailable. [details]

 Taxonomic remark
 for Metatheria

treated as syn. of Marsupialia (latter ranked as cohort) in McKenna & Bell, 1997. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Authority given in McKenna & Bell as Osborn, 1892, and in Silcox et al., 2017 as Osborn & Wortman, 1892 (not ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Proposed as subgenus. Raised to generic rank by Zittel, Schlosser & Woodward, 1925 ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as syn. of Rhyncocyon in McKenna & Bell, 1997. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell use this name as a subclass (syn. of Prototheria) equivalent to 2 orders, Platypoda Gill and ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

In addition to Nesomyinae Forsyth Major, 1897 (as subfamily of Muridae), McKenna & Bell give "Nesomyidae Weber, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

This and Nothocyon Wortman & Matthew, 1899 are the same genus. McKenna and Bell (1997) list them as separate genera ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

According to McKenna & Bell, 1997, Yan & Tang (1976) used this name on a figure accompanying their description of ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

As unallocated Placentalia (=Eutheria) in McKenna & Bell, 1997; Wang et al., 2016 also list as order indet., family ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

McKenna & Bell, 1997 treat this family as a syn. of Desmostylidae, however other authors e.g. Domning, 2018 ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

The Paleobiology Database (2022) version places this genus in Bathyergidae citing McKenna & Bell, however the ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as a synponym of Plesiosminthus Viret, 1926 in McKenna & Bell, 1997, however an accepted genus according to ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as order Peramelia (with Peramelemorphia as synonym) in McKenna & Bell, 1997. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From McKenna & Bell, 1997: Perutherium (sole included genus) is "possibly a didolodontid or a primitive notoungulate". [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Proposed as subgenus (McKenna & Bell, 1997). [details]

 Taxonomic remark

This spelling and year as given in McKenna & Bell, treated as a corrected original spelling (current usage), ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

The spelling Plataeomys is used in McKenna & Bell for this genus (?= current usage), so the spelling "Plateomys" ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Junior homonym of Platyodon Conrad, 1837 (Mollusca). [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Junior homonym of Pleurocyon Mercerat, 1917, a fossil canid; replacement name is Simidectes Stock, 1933. [details]


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